Saturday, August 31, 2019

Ibm Case Essay

History By the 1950’s, IBM became the dominant vendor in the computer industry with the release of the IBM 701 along with many other series of mainframes, which are large central processors. Then in the1960’s and 1970’s, the company had to diversify to get on the same level as smaller companies, such as Digital Equipment Corporation, who were introducing microprocessors. This threatened IBM’s position in the computer industry. Their response was coming put with a personal computer, software, and services. In 1981, IBM officially introduced the IBM PC with a compatible hardware platform. This was a large accomplishment for the company. A few years later, on May 1st, 2005, IBM sold its PC division to the Chinese company Lenovo for $655 million in cash and $600 million in Lenovo stock. Then on January 25, 2007, IBM sold their printing systems division for $725 million to Ricoh and created a new Ricoh subsidiary called InfoPrint Solutions Company. Ricoh will now own a 51% share and IBM will own a 49% share. Also in 2007, IBM’s yearly revenue was $98. 8 billion and they had a net income of $10. 8 billion dollars. IBM is run by about 427,000 employees. There are three main people who keep the business running smoothly. The most important one is Samuel J. Palmisano, who is the Chairman, President, and CEO. Another important associate at IBM is Mark Loughridge, who is the SVP and CFO. And lastly, Douglas Elix, who is another SVP, a Group Executive, and is in charge of Sales and Distribution. These three men are vital to the company’s success. Besides them, most of the employees at IBM are IT Specialists, Application Services Consultants, and Managing Consultants. Every company has to have competitors. Competition makes a healthy industry. Some of the top competitors IBM runs against are EDS (Electronic Data Systems Corporation), Hewlett Packerd, and their biggest competitor, Microsoft, whom they are ranked right behind in second place in their industry. IBM has many recent accomplishments within that last few years. One of the major ones was the development of the world’s tiniest nanophotonic switch, which is a device for routing light on a chip scale. Another project they have completed wasweb 2. security concerns with â€Å"SMash,† which is one of their development tools. Another very large project they completed was the design of the microprocessor for the Xbox 360, Playstation 3, and Nintendo Wii. All three of those were a good addition to the list of products they already design. This opened up their age range of consumers as well since a lot of children play these video systems. Besides recent accomplishments in their elec tronic field, IBM also had many of their employees win multiple awards for their achievements. They have had three of their employees win Nobel Prizes, which are achievements in either physics, chemistry, literature, peace, economics, medicine and physiology; four have received a Turing Awards, which are awards for technology; five have National Medals of Technology; and five more have received National Medals of Science. These are all very big accomplishments that IBM is very proud of. IBM is currently working on many projects. One of its big ones is Eclipse, which is a platform-independent, Java based software framework. Another is developerWorks, which is a website run by IBM for software developers and IT professionals. It contains large numbers of how-to articles and tutorials, software downloads, code samples, discussion forums, podcasts, blogs, wikis, and other resources. Then there is alphaWorks which is IBM’s source for emerging software technologies. They are also working on more semiconductor designs and manufacturing for them. Open client offering is another project they are working on. It is to run on Windows, Linux and Apples. Used for word processing, presentations, Lotus Notes, instant messaging, blogging, etc†¦ UC2: Unified Communications and Collaboration is an IBM and Cisco joint project. It will offer numerous Eclipse applications developers a unified platform for an easier work environment. Examples of this would be click-to-call and voice mailing. SWOT on Management IBM holds more patentsthan any other U. S. based technology company. IBM’s Project Management Center of Excellence, or PM COE, is first-rate. PM COE is considered IBM’s â€Å"Think Tank†. It is a program that has been set up to define the steps needed to strengthen IBM’s project management capabilities. PM COE combines external industry trends and directions with IBM business, organizational, geographic requirements and insight. Using PM COE, IBM has developed project management policy, practices, methods, and tools (Wikipedia, 2008). For someone to be considered for a management position, they must complete IBM certification or accreditation. To be accepted in to the certification or accreditation process an individual must have done the following. Successfully passed PMI exam (i. e. be a certified PMP). Verifiable documentation and approval for mastery/expertise in a well-defined set of PM skills. Several years of PM experience spanning at least 3 verifiable projects within the immediate 5 years (including specific role, team size, and budget requirements). Verifiable documentation and proof of at least one area of specialty. Demonstrated the use of IBM’s Worldwide Project Management Method (_WWPMM_). Completed extensive classroom and online education and testing. To become a Junior Project Manager, you must go through self assessment and get supervisors authorization to be accredited. Becoming a Senior Project Manager requires going through the rigorous IBM certification process, which involves Candidate preparing a detailed package with proof of above requirements. Package review, approval, and support by at least two levels of Senior Management. Package review and re-verification by PM COE expert. Personal interviews with the PM COE Certification board. Candidates whose experience, skills, knowledge and education are deemed valid, verifiable and accurate, are certified by the board as either Certified Senior Project Manager (CSPM) or Certified Executive Project Manager (CEPM). Senior Project managers must validate their skills and expertise against IBM’s worldwide standards. It is a deliberately long process with multiple checkpoints designed to ensure the integrity, fairness and legitimacy of the certification. This helps IBM maintain customer confidence in their products (Wikipedia, 2008). Since IBM is such a large, diversified, and established company they do not have many weaknesses. One weakness is they have a tendency to â€Å"strong arm† clients that are highly dependent on IBM products (Bradley, 2004). In the future this reputation could lead companies to be hesitant to rely on IBM’s merchandise. This reputation could also create bad enough relationships with current clients to make them transfer to a competitor’s product. IBM has also been known to â€Å"over promise† (Bradley, 2004). Since they are such a large corporation, with many capabilities, they tend to promise unrealistic deadlines to their customers. Businesses don’t like losing money, and opening later then planned is a good way to do that. These delays in their customers start-ups, could also lead to unfavorable relationships that could cause clients to move their business elsewhere. IBM is constantly looking for new opportunities to expand their share of the market, or start a new market. IBM is looking into revolutionizing the prevention of traditional and online fraud and Identity thefts. They are working on a comprehensive anti-fraud program that is going to help banks protect themselves and their customers, while continuing to offer their products and services (IBM, 2006). IBM is also conducting case studies for the automotive industry. The case studies are going to help them change the industry, and become more innovative (Lunani, 2006). Hopefully, the innovations will alleviate some of the stress the industry is under. Management Practices ; Theories SWOT analysis is a very important part of finding out a lot of information pertaining to current management functions within the company. However, it is what the management does after they find their strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats that are the most relevant part of determining a company’s success. The theories and practices the company uses to take advantage of their strengths, try to combat their weaknesses, use opportunities to their best interest, and to defend themselves from threats are the key determinant on what the company’s future looks like. IBM as one of the top companies in the world clearly knows what they are doing. They have taken into careful consideration their SWOT analysis and their management theories and practices are derived from their analysis. Being involved in competitive global competition, the company’s workforce is an essential part to IBM’s success. In knowing of this, IBM has created a list of seven key core workforce capabilities. These capabilities include: Understanding the demographics and capabilities of the workforce, predicting future labor supply and demand, utilizing social networks to increase the visibility and application of knowledge across the organization, enabling individuals to perform work regardless of location, facilitating collaboration across traditional organizational boundaries, driving the rapid development of skills and capabilities to meet changing business conditions, and evaluating employee performance and providing appropriate feedback. IBM has implemented these guidelines so their workforces can constantly adapt to the ever changing global business environment. In addition, workers are paid incentives for their input to keep the employees with a sense of involvement which is important to keeping them excited about IBM. At IBM, the managers believe and in a workforce that is diversified. According to Ron Glover, VP for Global Workforce Diversity at IBM, focuses on what it means to retain a true culture of diversity is IBM’s greatest competitive advantage. From all the way back to World War I, IBM has romoted workforce diversity when they hired disabled veterans to work for the company. Even when no one was using diversity IBM was. Way back in 1953, CEO at the time Thomas Watson sent out a very controversial stating that IBM needs to hire the best people, regardless of their race, ethnic origin, sex. In addition, the company added sexual orientation in 1984. He knew that this would give IBM a competitive advan tage because IBM would then be able to hire talented people the it’s competitors would turn down. (hrmreport. com, 2008) Another way IBM tries to get the best workers is using their program called Extreme Blue. This is an internship program for graduate and undergraduate students. This internationally known program is great for getting students prepared to work for IBM. IBM believes this will give students interested in working for a IBM a realistic perspective on what it would be like to work for them. IBM runs this diverse workforce under a classical management perspective. Money is assumed to be the primary motive and have a traditional compensation plan. The main forms of pay to employees are base pay and valuable other forms of benefits such as retirement plans and insurances. According to the company’s website, â€Å"cash compensation opportunities include base pay, commissions, performance bonuses, awards and other forms of earnings. † In addition to these forms of pay, IBM also offers generous paid vacation and holidays. There are also some benefits to relieve stress and just get away from the company for a little while. These benefits include reduced-prices, cooking lessons, and fitness centers. This management style has worked for them and we think they should stick with the classical approach to management and not move to a behavioral perspective. IBM uses an analyzer strategy which most large companies use. An analyzer strategy is a strategy in which the firm attempts to maintain its current businesses and to be somewhat innovative in new businesses. They use this strategy because they want to produce some new product opportunities while protecting their base of operations. (Griffen, 2007) Management Structure â€Å"The management structure that IBM maintains is an effective internal control structure. This structure has clearly defined lines of responsibility, as well as comprehensive systems and control procedures. This structure is beneficial because it assures customers that their transactions are put through correctly and efficiently. â€Å"(http://sec. edgar-online. com) An important part of IBM’s management structure is a good internal audit program. IBM takes a good amount of time to train its workers correctly. Each employee receives written policies and procedures to ensure that each employee knows exactly what to do under any circumstance or problem that may arise. By doing this everyone is on the same page and everything is done the way they want it done. IBM is now thinking about cutting 13,000 jobs most of which should be mostly in Europe and other headquarters around the world. Ethics With all of the diversity that exists within the company it would be hard for IBM to conduct any work without ethics on their minds. As in any large company there is some sort of unethical behavior going on, however these behaviors have not been detrimental to the company thus far. So far it is obvious that IBM won’t make any large scale unethical decisions such as the like of Enron. The ethics are very important in the business process and will be discussed more in an interview with a former employee. Interview With a Former Employee Flat or tall management structure? â€Å"The structure tends to be taller than most companies, especially within the consulting group. † Management Style? â€Å"The managers take a very classical by the book style to their decisions. Everything that had happened before was documented and later considered protocol, if there was success. † What ethics does IBM use in decision making? â€Å"IBM has well defined guidelines on many ethical issues, and it is required that all new employees review these guidelines. Employees are also required to take an annual review test to comply with IBM corporate policy. In my experience IBM relies on individual managers to make judgment calls on grey areas, and the managers I worked with all took ethic approaches to handling the issue. † What are the area’s for improvement? â€Å"IBM has had difficulties integrating its consulting division, since the acquisition of Price Waterhouse Coopers consulting in 2002. Much effort has been focused on getting full value from this acquisition, and at least initially the purchase was viewed as a misstep. With changes over the last few years, the consulting division has become the bulk of IBM revenue, but there are still opportunities to better leverage the consulting division in light of other IBM business units. IBM has also been severally criticized for its outsourcing practices, and has taken very proactive measures to combat this public criticism. † Any alliances? â€Å"IBM has numerous alliances with companies, all the way from suppliers to working with competitors. The number of alliances in likely in the thousands. † What makes IBM so successful? The ability to solve large scale business problems, especially in the IT sector, by combining various internal specialties and partnerships to create and implement end to end solutions. † Have you witnessed any unethical behavior throughout the company? â€Å"I have not personally witnessed any unethical behavior, but have spoken to a former VP who was put in a position to take an unethical action by someone who wa s very senior in the organization. † Hiring procedures? Promotions procedures? â€Å"Hiring is done at the group level, based upon target numbers that are established at the top of the organization. Final hiring decisions are made at the senior manager level. Promotion decisions occur annually with promotions and compensation based upon the outcome of the decision. Promotion is granted if the employee can show sufficient evidence that he/she is operating at the intended promotion level, and that the results are sustainable (ie. , results must be shown for a relatively long time and consistent time period, in various situations) . The implementation of the corresponding compensation typically occurs six months after promotion decisions are made. The timing of promotions and compensation increases are an area which many employees feel needs to be corrected, and IBM has stated it intends to reduce the total time of the process. † Relationship between managers and subordinates? â€Å"Varies greatly based upon individual relationships. IBM offers many channels to discuss issues, but the design of the promotion/compensation/staffing structure makes it imperative to have a successful working relationship with direct and next level management. † Is there a lot of management restructuring? Yes, at the lower levels, especially in consulting, management roles are very fluid and change frequently in comparison with other companies. Some of this is based on market changes, some on promotions/exits, and some on business results. † What kind of fringe benefits do workers receive? â€Å"Discounts with partner companies, cell and broadband reimbursement, 401k contribution, pension (eliminated in 2006), corporate educatio n, annual bonus (consulting division), extensive health care coverage at low rates. † Is there a lot of communication between the different headquarters? Conclusion It is obvious that IBM is successful because their values and the way they conduct business. This is a direct reflection upon their management structure, style, and practices. They will surely stay on the same track of success for many years to come. As they push forward in their business they are becoming one of the most well known businesses whether it be for technology or consulting around the world. No matter what kind of work a person is in one thing is for certain, everyone can learn from the way IBM conducts their business.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Going to college Essay

Going to college I hope to gain employment in business, hospitality or hotel management. All of my studies are geared towards gaining a Bachelor’s degree in one these majors and continuing on for my masters. Most of the larger full scaled hotel chain requires applicants to have a B. A. in one of these fields for consideration in their management trainee positions and I am presently working towards that degree. Some will consider a liberal arts degree if the applicant has already some experience in the hospitality field. Hotels or businesses that offer fewer services than a full scaled business will fill training positions if individuals have an associate’s degree or possibly a certificate in hotel or any other human resource business and experience is also still required. Experience can be in the form of formal internships and also summer and part-time work experience in the hospitality business which is always an asset. Many universities and colleges offer certificate or degree programs that help individuals attain their associates, bachelors, or graduate degree. Vocational and technical school can offer experience and opportunities for placement in the hospitality field. Instruction in administration, accounting, economics, food service, catering, housekeeping are just a few of the programs needed for a degree in hotel management. In more recent times computer training is also very important to management skills. In hotels, computers are used for anything from reservations and billing all the way to housekeeping. Many universities are helping students by directing their studies to follow this employment trend: Employers prefer new college graduates who have the following qualities: energetic quick learners; computer literate; good writers; confident public speakers; strong leaders and organizers; analytical thinkers and problem-solvers; excellent researchers; team payers aware of diversity and treating all others with respect and dignity; competency in a foreign language; open-minded to the global workplace; flexible and adaptable; willing to begin at an entry level position and work their way into more responsible assignments (Scheetz & Gratz, 1996). These desired traits make an individual a very valuable employee that businesses consider during the hiring process. My desire is to possibly work in a full service hotel in hopes of gaining employment and knowledge as a lodging manager. I believe that this knowledge will in the future help me to own a small hotel or a bed and breakfast (possibly in a tropical or warm climate) of my very own. Lodging managers work for many hotels and motels but can also work with any business that deals with providing room and shelter for people. There is also a possibility of gaining employment in companies that have chains of hotels or contracts for hotel chains. Companies that manage hotels under contract also employ individuals with degrees in lodge management (http://www. bls. gov/oco/ocos015. htm). According to statistics employment for lodging managers from 2006 to 2016 is expected to increase in growth as much as twelve percent. It is expected that there will be steady growth in domestic and foreign tourism that will give reason for this increase in job growth. Most of the new jobs will arise among managers, including food service and lodging manager, financial managers, and marketing, advertising, and public relations managers† (Mittlelhauser, 1998). This kind of trend can be appealing to anyone interested in employment after college. After researching hospitality management I found that as well as being an enjoyable job with so much opportunity it is also a very secure industry with many, many opportunities. I found that the possibility for travel most appealing as well as the pay scale when compared to the required education is very good. Gaining experience in the field is something that appealed to me, for the simple fact that I have worked part-time in the industry while attending college and with this experience along with my degree I feel very confident in finding employment after graduation. In researching this topic I found out just how vast this industry is and was truly amazed. I don’t think that many people really pay attention to how much work goes into the industry to give the public the highest quality in hospitality. Education is the key for success and every step of the way I am working myself towards success in the hospitality business and in particular hospitality management. I’m looking forward to the adventure.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Strategy management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Strategy management - Essay Example This paper briefly analyses team dynamics, leadership and details of team roles, team processes, and formation of team culture. â€Å"Team Dynamics are the unseen forces that operate in a team between different people or groups. Team Dynamics can strongly influence how a team reacts, behaves or performs, and the effects of team dynamics are often very complex†1. Personality traits, organizations culture, tools and technologies etc can affect the team dynamics in different ways. The communication and cooperation between the team members are essential in ensuring the success of teamwork. The team members should work for attaining the team objectives rather than the individual objectives. In such circumstances, individuals sometimes might be forced to sacrifice their interest for the benefit of the team’s interest. Such a healthy attitude is important in ensuring the success of the functioning of a team. But, it is not necessary that all the members in a team may think in the same manner and perform equally well. Under such circumstances the team leader should ensure that the team dynamics or the bondage between the team members is adequate for attaining the team goals. The organization should provide a healthy environment in which team dynamics prosper in a better way. Proper equipments and technology like laptops, mobile phones etc should be provided to each member of the team by the organization in order to improve the communication between the team members and also the team dynamics. The success of a team depends on how well the team leader was able to distribute the works within a team. No team member should feel that he is overloaded with work while other team members have fewer amounts of responsibilities. The team leader should distribute the work equally to the team members so that no discrimination based on the allotment of work should be felt inside the team. Under normal circumstances, team members may

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

How Police Officers learn Professional Ethics Essay

How Police Officers learn Professional Ethics - Essay Example Police officers build up their ethical range, integrity, or moral foundation, from working together with other people and learning ethics and morals. Training of professional ethics for police officers assists them to perform the following: be familiar with an ethical trouble or problem without any difficulty, recognize numerous alternatives to tackle the specific problem caught up in, make a balanced and morally good option of which alternative to prefer, Take quick action build upon that option and acknowledge accountability for the result. Police officers cannot just think morally; they are obliged to conduct themselves ethically as well. Training for professional ethics offers tools for dealing with ethical troubles, however, the police professional ought to possess the nerve to act. According to Michael C. Braswell â€Å"one of the most defining characters of the police occupation is the potential use of coercive force, especially deadly force, to impose the will of the state a nd another defining yet less well-understood characteristic is ethics† Exactly as Law, medicine, business, or further occupations are distinguished by ethics that direct people and group conduct, policing is a profession which includes its particular principles and ethics. These ethics give a foundation by which a behavior of an individual and his thoughts can be calculated. Comparative to other occupations, nonetheless, learning professional morals in policing is completely not the result of teaching, socialization and education. In reality, learning most of the times predate official teaching and socialization endeavor as a consequence of distinctive, communal and historical issues. Furthermore, the procedure of the socialization of police and enculturation on-the-job may well both persistently and unintentionally pressure the constructive ethical thoughts and principles conveyed to the police officers by new staff. A sound and all-encompassing unusual subculture could be pr esent in certain examples, which can inertly or actively educate unethical conduct to new police professionals. â€Å"Ethics in policing bears directly on issues of reform, control, and legitimacy of law enforcement institutions in a democratic society.† (Michael C. Braswell). The initial stage in meeting such tests is to better comprehend the foundation and subject matter of professional ethics so consequently that management, nation, government and the judges can more efficiently encourage reliable behavior of police force. Ethics are primarily learned in the framework of our first and generally close affiliation with our relatives and friends. Relationships similar to them are in which individuals learn understanding and being compassionate, appreciation, honesty and justice. Through proficient education and experience at work the police officer becomes familiar with presented morals and ethical standards of policing. As stated by council of Europe that there are four dive rse feature of ethical troubles in police employment. Ethical problems in which diverse principles struggle are deficient in knowledge, acting over hurriedly and with disobedience. The process of socialization of being a police official is one analytical feature in building professional

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Australia and Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Australia and Britain - Essay Example gone to war in the Middle East and the then Australian Prime Minister, Robert Menzies, sent his troops to help them in the war, considering themselves still part of the British empire (Behiels, Stuart & Organization for the History of Canada, 2010). Later on in the 1942 war, the Prime Minister at the time, Curtin, decided to pull his troops out of the war to come back to their country and help assist them fight against the Japanese (Clancy, 2004). This war was against the British decision who wanted to send the Australian troops elsewhere to Burma to continue helping them with their fight. This decision apparently angered the British, who were also not willing and not in a better position to assist them. They then turned to the United States to help them fight this war against Japan, who had made great steps in their intentions to conquer the pacific (Clancy, 2004). America, on the other hand, came in handy and was more than willing to assist because apparently they too had been brou ght into this war by the Japanese action to attack Pearl Harbor. They felt the need to get back at them through this war. The Australian troops were weakened at a time, and America supplied them with most of the arms they required and with their help were able to win the war (Mackerras, 1996). There is a huge political debate as to whether the Australian authorities should continue being in support of the Americas foreign policies with the opposition parties coming out strongly to criticize these ties and relations (Clancy, 2004). This debate has been more of an indication of an increasing shift to the practice of being aligned to the West on almost all of its external affairs (Behiels, Stuart & Organization for the History of Canada, 2010). Some Australian scholars have also argued that  Ã‚   the British and then the United States have hindered Australians from rediscovering itself and driving their own agenda despite the fact that they attained their independence in 1901. This argument

Monday, August 26, 2019

UK Welfare Reform Bill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

UK Welfare Reform Bill - Essay Example It instead encourages them to work hard and earn their own income (Meyer and Sullivan, 2004). The bill compels all the people who claim benefits to follow an employment advisor's directions or sanctions be placed on their benefits. This is in order to ensure that any benefits claims are made in the right way. These new conditions are meant to ensure that only deserving people are considered for benefits. This bill proposes that beneficiaries work for their benefits through some sort of a workfare with a labor rate of about '1.73 hourly for 35 hours every week. This bill further proposes the piloting of this workfare and its subsequent rollout without any further primary legislation. The workfare clause of the bill has attracted a lot of criticism from various quarters who have proposed various amendments to the clause. The UK Department of Welfare and Pensions has refuted any claims of workfare increasing the likelihood to find work. The department particularly notes that workfare is not effective in getting jobs for people, especially in jurisdictions of weak labor markets that have a high rate of unemployment. The department also faults the bill's effectiveness in for individuals who have numerous barriers to work. The bill has further been accused of reducing employment chances since it limits the time for job hunting and also fails to offer the necessary experience and skills needed by the employers. Work-related activity The bill allows Jobcentre Plus and other private contractors to give mandatory directions to single parents as well as disabled and sick claimants. These directions require these claimants to undertake specific activities or risk facing sanctions on their benefits. This move will ensure that the claimants put some effort towards improving themselves rather than waiting on the government to do it for them. Increased conditions for couples This bill introduces two new changes for any couples who claim benefits. First, it removes the disabled or sick people's rights to claim ESA for couples where one of the partners can claim JSA. Second, this bill requires partners of JSA, ESA and IS claimants to participate in work-related activities or face sanctions. This in effect means that these partners have no choice but to work. Contributions for ESA and JSA This bill greatly restricts eligibility to contribute to ESA and JSA. Those working will now be forced to work longer to be able to pay the required contributions to qualify for the benefits. This will go a long way in reducing the number of qualified contributors to JSA and ESA. This will as a result force many of these claimants to means-tested benefits. The means-tested benefits are not only complex, but also suffer low take up. Others will end up not having any entitlement to means-tested benefits. Carers and maternity allowances This bill proposes the abolishment of dependent additions paid with maternity and carers' allowances. Both benefits are not means-tested and its beneficiaries are the poorest of the poor in the country. The removal of these benefits will lead to over-reliance on means-tested benefits. Those who do not pass the means test will be forced to live on a very low level of income (Scott et al, 2003). Offenders' benefit penalties The bill proposes a four-week benefit suspension for those

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Research paper and process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Research paper and process - Assignment Example ss will help me in analyzing my chosen topic of interest and hence they will help a lot during my data collection and in writing the conclusion of my topic of interest. As a final year, student, I do not have a lot of time to choose my topic of interest and can not concentrate on it fully since I have to attend to a lot of projects; hence, this class should have been taught in other years and not during the final year. Reflection #2:  What are the problems/issues/roadblocks with your paper/topic at this point and what are you going to do about them?   What are the problems/roadblocks that you expect to encounter during this class? (200 words) One of the major difficulties that I face in my Capstone course is time management, as a finalist student I am experiencing some hard time in trying to manage my time well and find enough time to research extensively on my topic on interest. I can not also write as fast as I am required to do since I am using English as a second language. Making a plan to do research on my chosen topic will tremendously help me to acquire the material I need for my research but this is being hindered by my school schedule since I have to juggle and attend several other classes, I also have to do other research in other courses. This is therefore, creating so little time for my capstone course. If I had to get a chance to do capstone without much pressure, I can perform much better and thus make this course an impressive achievement to my life hence add value to my studies. Reflection #3:  Critique your writing process.   What worked for you?   What didn’t?   What problems or roadblocks did you hit in the writing process that you could avoid for the rest of the course?  Ã‚  Are these different or the same from roadblock problems in your art/design work and why? (200 words) I become a slow writer when i am faced in dealing with several projects at a time. This becomes even worse when the number of projects are doubled hence creating a jam

Saturday, August 24, 2019

ACC 202 MOD 5 CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ACC 202 MOD 5 CA - Essay Example As the company has the capacity to produce 20,000 units in a year, Paul Peco should focus on utilizing the firm’s maximum production capacity, as there is a high level of demand for the product. Pecos has the capacity to manufacture 20,000 units per year without any increase in the fixed costs. The most profitable solution for Paul Peco would be to sell 20,000 units in a year, so that the company’s maximum capacity is utilized. From this volume, the contribution required from a single unit to cover the fixed costs can be computed (Weston and Copeland). The profit margin originally set by Paul Peco was a minimum of $ 10 per unit. In the revised plan, a minimum profit of $ 12.50 per unit is fixed. Hence the revised minimum selling price is at $ 280 per unit. It is evident that Paul Peco would have sold 1,925 units in the last month. Assuming a constant demand every month, Paul Peco will easily be able to sell 20,000 units in the first year. The last month’s contribution margin income statements for the two rules are presented below. From the revised plan, it is evident that Ms. Goodperson’s decision to accept the contract at $290 per unit was profitable. Ms.Goodperson should be hired again. Also, based on the revised decision rule, Paul Peco should instruct his sales staff to accept orders at any price above $ 280 per

Schools Sporting Day Memoir Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Schools Sporting Day Memoir - Essay Example   In a Schools’ Sporting Day that I witnessed in summer, various events took place. Our group converged at the field by 9 am and a welcoming note was given by the school’s representative. Since we were a large group, the team had to separate into five groups to compete against each other the various sporting activities for the day. It was in summer and so the sunny weather was comfortable for the event. A compeer took the mandate of controlling the tournament from the begging to the end following set rules and regulations. As such, the compeer read and explained the rules governing the event and spelled out disciplinary measures against any violators. He also delegated the powers to record resultant scores to three assistants for purposes of establishing the winners. We said a word if prayer put on the sporting attire, and started the warm up for the event. After 15 minutes of light exercises, we were ready for a challenging yet exciting sporting day. To improve the l evel of participation in the tournament, we chose to run all the sporting activities as relay races. Moreover, to incorporate the abilities and skills of every participant, the event had a wide range of challenges where one would score points on skill, participation, and teamwork. Classic races were the kick starters of the event and included welly waging, three legged dashes, relay race, egg & spoon race, wheelbarrow race, bean bag on the head, space hopper race, sack race, skipping race, and obstacle course.

Friday, August 23, 2019

Clinical objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Clinical objectives - Essay Example Patients in the health care system who are at high risk include pediatric and elderly patients. The management should put up safety environment measures such as the orientation of patients and their visitors about the movement in the wards and rooms. Furthermore, the nurses can be within call so that they can respond fast to any fall incidences. These are some of the available safety measures at the disposal of the healthcare givers to achieve fall prevention. The healthcare administrators bear the greatest responsibilities of ensuring that the incidences of falls in their facilities are reduced. For starters, the administrators ensure that all the patients in their facilities are provided with no slip footwear that minimizes incidences of falling down. The administrators should also encourage the healthcare givers such as the nursing staff to keep reinforcing hospital regulation, such as those making sure that they attend to the patients on a continuous basis (Carroll, Dykes, & Hurley, 2010). Moreover, the administrators can influence the design stage of a health facility to ensure that systems that will be used by the patients and the healthcare givers are carefully designed. A suitably designed healthcare facility minimizes the risk of falls and in the end, it reduces the rate of fall occurrences at such

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Marketing Plan Proposal Essay Example for Free

Marketing Plan Proposal Essay I will develop a marketing plan for my company’s new product, the â€Å"Walker Photo Display Storage Solutions† product I will introduce on the global market next year sometime. The â€Å"Walker Photo Display Storage Solutions† product will allow any kind of loose photographs to be easily displayed in a collage format on any bare wall anywhere. It will include a divided safe storage box designed to protect loose photographs from damaging light, chemicals and rough handling to name a few things! I think my target audience is teenage boys and girls, male female college students, educators, homemakers, business owners, retired folk, hobbyists, collectors and basically anyone that has a need and desire to do something with the piles of loose photographs we all have laying around the house! I will directly market to pre-teen and teenage kids, college students and their faculty members, housewives and husbands, law enforcement, real estate, the entertainment industry, businesses and numerous other identified and yet to be identified markets! I have perceived there was a need to create something specific, simple, durable, easy to use, inexpensive, customizable and practical to display and store all the loose photographs I had laying around and the ones I saw elsewhere laying around, unseen, decomposing and being neglected. I had taped loose photographed to my wall on occasion in a sort of collage formation, but it looked kind of cheesy, so I felt I could create something cool to display and store them in! After a few years of random survey’s with various people from all walks of life, I found my perception to be correct, that there was indeed a genuine need for my invention, and it appeared there was a vast global market for it! Creating this product so it can be easily ordered, customized and received will be a bit of a challenge, but one that I believe is well worth taking. I am very passionate about my new product that will be distributed from my new company, â€Å"DoakUnlimited.llc†. So, it is my intention to solve the decades old question dilemma of what to do with all the millions and millions of loose photographs lying around in drawers, shoeboxes and elsewhere!

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Importance of Language on Literacy Development of Deaf Child

Importance of Language on Literacy Development of Deaf Child A relationship between language and text needs to be established to become literate. What specific challenges may deaf children face in forming this relationship? How may such skills be developed in deaf children? As there is an increasing number of deaf children being identified and amplified at an earlier age and with the quality of this amplification improving, the expectation that these children develop at a similar rate academically to their hearing peers has become more explicit. Sadly, this is not always the case. In this essay, I will be focusing on the challenges deaf children face when obtaining literacy skills and how the relationship between language and text can be developed. Being literate is much more than the ability to decode print into words. Connie Mayer (2007) stated that Writing systems have evolved to encode spoken language, and even the one major system that has appeared to be an exception, Chinese, turns out to be a more complex case, based generally on spoken language morphology and phonology. This means that to become literate, an individual most first have access to the language that is being decoded, which for some deaf children is one of the first obstacles they will face in the development of their literacy skills. There is a vast amount of research available that discusses how childrens abilities to learn reading and writing is influenced by their early experiences in life. Goberis et al. (2012) investigated the complex language of hearing, hard of hearing and deaf children using a pragmatics check list. They discovered that a hearing child acquires the ability to use complex language, including basic syntax and age appropriate vocabulary in socially appropriate situations between the age of 3 and 4 years old. Sadly deaf and hard of hearing children acquired these skills much later in life, even when strategies had been put in place and these then cause challenges in writing and abstract conversational dialogue. Swanwick and Watson (2007) looked at how book sharing can positively impact a deaf childs literacy and language development and noted that both oral and signed parents created a shared interaction that allowed for sharing meaning and attention between parent and child in a physical setting that allowed for closeness. When parents are using BSL to share stories, the child is often placed opposite the adult to ensure they can see the signs, where hearing and oral story tellers usually sit adjacent to one another, which allows for a better listening position. Swanwick and Watson observed that parents using oral English tended to stick to the written story and explored the vocabulary and sounds through turn taking and interacting, where the parents using BSL did not always follow the text and retold the story using their own signs without using voice or lip patterns. Their focus was to share the actual story rather than sharing the written text and the parents were ensuring children unde rstood the story cognitively by asking the children to repeat the signs used. Parents who used oral English emphasised the actual written text and thus focussed on the active listening skills of the child, which means the focus was on the literacy and language skills, instead of the story. This study shows that the parents of these children had a view and approach towards their childs literacy development but were not always focussing on all aspects when sharing a text. However, it is important to note that the parents involved in this study were all very involved in their childs early literacy development and results might have been different if the participants came from a background where oral retelling took priority over sharing written text or households where parents do not recognise the potential value of childrens picture books. As a teacher of the deaf, it is crucial to support and encourage parents to discuss a range of linguistic skills including pragmatics, syntax, graph ophonical knowledge and semantics but most importantly to encourage a love of reading by repeating favourite books, which Sulzby (1993) stated builds a rich vocabulary and by singing nursery rhymes and clapping games with repeated patterns to further develop early language skills or to attend reading and story activity groups at a local library or play group. There is plenty of research that shows that shared reading or interactive story book reading has a huge impact on childrens early literacy development and show the benefits of these social interactions around stories and text, allowing the child to understand that text and language are connected. (Yaden, Smolkin, Conlon, 1989) Frequent and effective shared reading during the first 6 years of a childs life aids the development of vocabulary, labelling, and oral and written abilties. Crain-Thorensen, Dahlin and Powell (2001) also proved that parents and caregivers use more complex language when book sharing and thus children get the opportunity to be exposed to new vocabulary which they might not encounter in their day to day life. Justice et al. (2005) conducted a study regarding parents sharing books with hearing and deaf children and concluded that storybooks can provide a wealth of new vocabulary for children. She noted that deaf children responded less to implicit questions than hearing children and showed that parental scaffolding was a key element in word recall for deaf children, where joint attention was more important for hearing children. This shows that the parents of deaf children had to ensure they were building on their childrens prior knowledge to ensure they understood the language and vocabulary in the story told. She concluded that shared reading, retelling and discussing stories are paramount for early reading development. When sharing a book, the opportunity should be used to take turns discussing vocabulary, events and characters in the book and ensuring that both explicit and implicit questions are asked, suitable to the childs current abilities. The First Steps Viewing Map of Development shows that literacy acquisition is a linear process that develops a childs use of texts, understanding of the context, understanding of conventions and development of the use of a range of strategies to extract meaning from print. Williams (2004) mentions that deaf children progress at a similar level as hearing children in their development of early reading and writing, however several cases studies, such as Traxler (2000) and Marschark, Lang Alertini (2002) showed that a high percentage of deaf children graduated with a considerably lower literacy ability than their hearing peer, suggesting that their learning trajectories later changed drastically. One must consider, though, that recent advances in audiological equipment and management might show different results in more recent longitudal studies. Reading requires a combination of several complex skills. Adams (2001) stated that to learn to read one must be have a context processor to be able to interpret the text, a semantic processor to understand the meaning of words, an orthographic processor to be able to recognise and identify the letters and spellings and a phonological processor to identify the speech sounds, which requires adequate audiological amplification or access to other abilities such as cued speech. When it comes to emergent reading, one of the first skills a child must master is recognizing the letters of the alphabets and knowing that these letters are linked to 44 sounds in the English language, which then in turn can be put together to form words. Hearing children and those with early adequate amplification will begin to recognize certain letters and sounds in their own names and some keywords they might have been taught through rhymes or songs. To aid this early process, the child should be encouraged to say the phonemes in the word and then repeat them to see if they can hear which word it makes. It sometimes helps if the adult repeats the sounds so the child can focus on hearing the word. Another strategy is finding familiar letter patterns in words to aid with blending, such as cat, pat, mat, sat. This could also be turned into a little game where the initial sound is changed to see how many real and nonsense words can be made. Kyle and Harris (2011) noted that hard of hearing and deaf children cannot hear all these sounds, despite using audiological equipment and thus other strategies are needed to support them. Visual phonics is one of the strategies that can be used to help deaf and hard of hearing children to learn phonics by combining handcues and written symbols to aid phonetic awareness and decoding skills. Shared reading has also been shown to aid the development of phonological awareness in both hearing and deaf children, especially where parents take the time to point out sounds children are familiar with and getting them to recall and blend familiar sound patterns. Once the initial recognition of print and understanding of the alphabet and their related sounds has been formed, the child should, through frequent exposure to written words in signs, shared books, labels, etc,. be able to recall an increasing number of high frequency words and words that can be blended phonologically. The focus of reading activities then shift towards understanding that text carries meaning, rather than simply reading word for word. Reading books for the children at this skill level generally have smaller print and more complex sentence structures and fewer illustrations. Kyle and Harris (2010) conducted a longitudal study to investigate reading and spelling abilities of emergent deaf children. They found out that at first, deaf children applied a whole word strategy to reading, however after 2 years of learning they were using a more alphabetic reading strategy based on phonological representations derived from speech reading skills. However, hearing children applied this alphabetic ability based on speechreading from the first year of reading, hence different reading strategies were applied by hearing and deaf children. This made them conclude that If the information derived through speechreading is incorporated into underlying phonological representations, which in turn are used to support the phonological judgments required to complete phonological awareness tasks, then it is plausible that speechreading could be a strong initial predictor of reading in both deaf and hearing. In addition, for the deaf children, speechreading could essentially act as a marker or proxy for the quality of the underlying phonological representations (Kyle and Harris, 2010, p.14) Unfortunately, the deaf and hearing children in this study were picked by their class teachers and thus their reading abilities were not always as closely matched as initially intended. In a study by Bouton et al. (2011) it was discovered that children with cochlear implants greatly benefited from learning cued speech. Cued speech shows a hearing child hand movements near the mouth to clarify lip and mouth movements so they can have a visual aid to better grasp lip reading. Bourton et al. found that cued speech improved the CI childrens performance in reading tasks and phonetical awareness, compared to CI children who had not been exposed to cued speech. Additional research into the link between cued speech and phonetical awareness, spelling and reading abilities is required, however it does show that offering a CI child additional support through cued speech can have a positive impact on their language and literacy development. Once children have mastered the word attack skills they are then faced by longer and more complex texts which require a greater understanding of the world and fewer illustrations as prompts. At this stage, young readers will need to comprehend a huge variety of phrases and clauses to understand the meaning of the text and recognising that text can come in a variety of different genres and serve different purposes. To support deaf childrens understanding, it is important that as a teacher of the deaf, a variety of strategies are offered to ensure the child fully understand the texts they are working with. These strategies include giving the child the opportunity to retell the story in his/her own words, sequencing key elements of the text, discussing characters and settings and ensuring the child understand the vocabulary by clarifying and offering synonyms or visual representations. The child should be given the opportunity to ask and answer questions and to predict what might happen next. Another strategy is linking the key elements of the story with their own personal experiences or other stories familiar to the child, to allow the child to expand and comment on what has been read. Once the child becomes a fluent reader, the focus shifts from being able to read to understanding the text and utilising it for further personal development. With this also comes the realisation that reading have a multitude of functions, such as reading for pleasure, deriving information, receiving instructions and interacting with a multitude of devices and multimedia platforms. Sadly, the transition from emergent to fluent reader does not always happen as smoothly as desired for deaf children. Geers and Hayes (2011) conducted a study with early implanted deaf adolescents to see if they managed to keep their academic trajectory in literacy skills at a consistent level with their hearing peers and to investigate to what degree the childs phonological skills and family characteristics influenced their literacy development. Geers and Hayes discovered that early implanted children who were classed as age related in their phonological awareness in preschool, managed to make age appropri ate progress compared to their hearing peers as adolescents with good audiological management and family support, however they did not perform as well on spelling and expository writing and they discovered that the development of phonological awareness is crucial to literacy success. Due to an increasing number of children being implanted prior to 12 months of age thanks to the Infant Screening Programme, it would be interesting to repeat this study with a cohort that was implanted sooner in life. Being literate does not simply comprise of being able to read print. Reading and writing have often been said to go hand in hand and develop linearly. Mayer (2010) noted that there has been considerably little research in the implications of deafness on writing development and most of the research that has been published focusses primarily on spelling rather than writing composition. It is clear that children learn that writing carries meaning and that it is a useful tool for communication. There is debate about the multitude of strategies available for teaching reading and writing, for example phonological approaches or visual orthographic strategies. Simply learning how to spell words is not sufficient to become literate. The English language has a complex system of syntax and grammar. Cormier et al (2012) investigated the impact of age of acquisition of a signed language on grammatical abilities in deaf children. He noted that successfully acquiring a language, signed or oral, is crucial to developing grammatical awareness of that language and successfully acquiring a second language, i.e. BSL or English depending on L1. Grosjean (2001) also commented that bilingual education is a deaf childs best chance of acquiring good literacy skills in both signed and written/spoken languages, however it is important to note that it is the parents right to choose the preferred communication method for their child. Miller (2005) also found that elementary children were able to find meaning in sentences by using the meaning of the actual words in these sentences but lacked the ability to process syntactic information. These studies show that a greater focus needs to be on the acquisition of grammatical awareness and syntax to ensure that deaf children get a greater understanding of the complex language structures in written texts. Further developing a childs spoken language will aid their abilities to produce more complex written sentences and therefor reduce the amount o f baked sentences, e.g. using the same sentence starters over and over again such as I like or I can. To ensure an adequate support programme is put in place for the deaf child, it is paramount that the teacher of the deaf thoroughly assesses the current reading and writing skills and language abilities, both receptive and expressive, of the child and has a good understanding of the support the child receives at home and in the class room. The childs specific characteristics, attitudes to learning, preferred learning styles and personal, social and emotional development and their strengths and weaknesses are all crucial in a whole child approach towards progress. The teacher of the deaf should work together with parents, schools and other agencies to ensure the best strategies are put in place for the child. Goberis et al. (2012) suggested that parents should target specific language skills at home using natural, day to day opportunities and the teachers should be given strategies to practise in the class room environment. It must be stressed that speech intelligibility does not give a clear picture of the childs actual language abilities and time should be spend finding out where the strengths and weaknesses lay, especially when it comes to pragmatic language skills, grammar and vocabulary. Some of the strategies to put in place to further develop language could be following instructions and then allowing the child the opportunity to give instructions too to further develop the childs theory of mind. The child should be encouraged to provide instructions that are clear and have sufficient information for the other person to follow. This coul d be scaffolded by adding picutres at first so the child can have a visual representation prior to building the sentences. Playing playground games or very easy board games are a great way to develop instructional language as a set of rules must be followed to be successful. The child could also be encouraged to explain the game to a peer with the help of an adult. Goberis et al. (2012) also states that it is important to encourage deaf children to answer why questions and ask them to consider options or discussing cause and effect of certain behaviours. They must also develop the recognition that other children might have a different point of view and talkinga bout other childrens likes and dislikes will allow them to further develop their pragmatic skills and allows them to develop their theory of mind. Categorization is also an important step in language development. Playing sorting games or guessing games can help the child build these categories in their minds. It is also impor tant for them to learn that not all statements are true and they must consider whether the information given to them is factual or not. References: Alvord, S ; Adams, W ; Barker, R ; Garner, B ; Rosengren, K ; Shaver, G, (2001), Relationship between WRAML and NEPSY subtest performance and reading acquisition in early elementary school children , Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vol. 16(8), pp.773-787 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Bouton, S., Bertoncini, J., Serniclaes, W. and Cole, P. (2011) Reading and reading-related skills in children using Cochlear Implants: Prospects for the influence of cued speech, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, Vol. 16(4), pp.458-473 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Cormier, K., Schembri, A., Vinson, D. and Orfanidou, E. (2012) First language acquisition differs from second language acquisition in prelingually deaf signers: Evidence from sensitivity to grammaticality judgement in British sign language, Cognition, Vol.124(1), p.50-65 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Crain-Thoreson, C., Dahlin, M.P. and Powell, T.A. (2001) Parent-child interaction in Three conversational contexts: Variations in style and strategy, New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2001(92), p. 23. discussion 91-8 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Geers, A.E. and Hayes, H. (2011) Reading, writing, and Phonological processing skills of adolescents with 10 or more years of Cochlear implant experience, Ear and Hearing, Vol.32(1 Suppl), pp.49S-59S [Peer Reviewed Journal] Goberis, D., Beams, D., Dalpes, M., Abrisch, A., Baca, R. and Yoshinaga-Itano, C. (2012) The missing link in language development of deaf and hard of hearing children: Pragmatic language development, Seminars in Speech and Language, Vol.33(4), pp.297-309 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Grosjean, F. (2001) The right of the deaf child to grow up bilingual, Sign Language Studies, 1(2), pp.110-114. Justice, L.M., Meier, J. and Walpole, S. (2005) Learning new words from Storybooks, Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, Vol. 36, pp.17-32 Kyle, F.E. and Harris, M. (2011) Longitudinal patterns of emerging literacy in beginning deaf and hearing readers, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, Vol. 16(3), pp. 289-304. Marschark, M., Lang, H., Albertini, J. (2002). Educating deaf students: From research to practice. New York: Oxford University Press Mayer, C. (2007) What really matters in the early literacy development of deaf children, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, , Vol. 12, No. 4 (FALL 2007), pp. 411-431 Miller, P. (2005) Reading comprehension and its relation to the quality of functional hearing: Evidence from readers with different functional hearing abilities, American Annals of the Deaf, Vol. 150(3), pp. 305-323 Perfetti, C.A. (2000) Reading Optimally builds on spoken language: Implications for deaf readers, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, Vol. 5(1), pp. 32-50 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Sulzby, E., Edwards, P. A. (1993). The role of parents in supporting literacy development. In B. Spodek O. N. Saracho (Eds.), Language and literacy in early childhood education (pp. 156-177). New York: Teachers College Press. Swanwick, R. and Watson, L. (2007) Parents sharing books with young deaf children in spoken English and in BSL: The common and diverse features of different language settings, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, Vol. 12(3), pp. 385-405 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Traxler, C.B. (2000) The Stanford Achievement test, 9th edition: National Norming and performance standards for deaf and hard-of-hearing students, Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 5(4), pp. 337-348 Williams, C. and Mayer, C. (2015) Writing in young deaf children, Review of Educational Research, Vol. 85(4), pp. 630-666 [Peer Reviewed Journal] Yaden, D.B., Smolkin, L.B. and Conlon, A. (1989) Preschoolers questions about pictures, print conventions, and story text during reading aloud at home, Reading Research Quarterly, 24(2), p. 188.

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Acoustic Design in Architecture

Acoustic Design in Architecture Introduction The purpose of this report is to produce a design scheme for the conversion of a large room to a multi use theatre. The report will present the necessary things that need to be considered to ensure a satisfactory acoustic environment by measuring the problems encountered with acoustic design and how to tackle them. The report will look at the problems related to this space and present possible solutions and recommendations based on the information available. Initial plan As in every case, this room presents its own unique set of problems, which involve very common factors such as the shape and size of the room, the intended use of the space, the budget and the basic laws of acoustics. The stage will be best positioned at the centre of the east wall, as shown in Fig.1 The audience depth will be shallow and wide so that the best can be appreciated from a presentation or performance both visually and acoustically. More importantly, the sound reaching the audience will be evenly distributed.   With the stage positioned on the east wall, the obvious step is to place the mixing desks and equipment storage in the boxed area opposite the stage. The walls are made of plasterboard. The room measures 15.176m wide and 12.176 long with an extra pocket on the side measuring 5m by 3.396m. The seating capacity will be approximately 80-100. Problems Although this is the logical way to position the stage and seating, there is a big problem with the design that needs to be ironed out; the roof is high and airy on one side of the room yet low and dense on the other. As symmetry is critical in acoustic design, this is a big problem. However, difficulties would also arise if the stage were positioned at one of the narrower sides of the room because the audience would still not get even sound distribution. The windows pose another big problem for the proposal of the design. If they were a desired feature a sound-reducing window could be fitted, but these are expensive and usually favoured in recording studios or places where visual presentation is not involved. For the purposes of this project, which must accommodate controlled lighting and projectors, daylight and the changes in daylight would be unacceptable. The need for windows in this case is redundant. The project funding cannot warrant electrical devices to control reverberation but sufficient commitment needs to be made towards sound reinforcement. For the purpose of renting the space to organisations outside of the university, it needs to be classed as a music venue, which brings with it its own set of requirements in terms of equipment and maintenance as well as in the acoustic design. Tests with sound inside the space need to be conducted before the speaker arrangement can be determined. Solutions and recommendations Walls The wall opposite the stage will need diffusers to distribute or absorb the sound and regulate reverberation time. Curtains along the back of the stage area will give more options once the venue is up and running and could also be extended to the north and south walls, in addition to the absorbers and diffusers. Rigid Rocksil walling is excellent, but expensive. There are many fiberboard solutions on the market, which would be a cheaper alternative. These can be screwed to the existing wall. Floor A cheap and effective option for the floor is heavy felt carpet underlay with a compressed carpet on the top. An attractive, but more expensive alternative would be to lay wooden flooring over the top of the thick underlay; the hard surface of the wood could enhance the sound quality; too much soft furnishing may deaden the sound. Ceiling The best solution to the problem with the ceiling is to find a balance between the sound generated under the high ceiling, with that being generated under the low side. As the area on one side of the room will have a different sound quality to the other side, absorbers need to be fitted to the high ceiling to counteract echo and a set of diffusers to the low ceiling to maximise the quality of the sound, (see figure 2). An aesthetic feature can be made of the high section of the ceiling using the reflectors and absorbers. Windows doors The solid fire doors will not leak much sound. Vibration leaked through the doorframe can be greatly decreased using doorframe sound gaskets. The windows would be best removed or blocked with absorbers. An air conditioning system will need to be installed, even if the windows remain, air conditioning is still absolutely necessary with so much insulation. Free standing absorbers Another ideal way to add flexibility to the working design of the studio is to include freestanding sound absorbers, deflectors and diffusers. These can be moved around to fit with the nature of performance or presentation and the size of the audience. They can also be custom made without too much expense. Conclusion The initial problem facing this project faces is the multi purpose use for which it has been designated and the flexibility that is required from the finished design. Live music and speech require different methods of application in acoustic design. Speech and drama performances depend largely on design made with good intelligibility in mind, where as acoustic design for music venues needs to take other factors into consideration that may not work out best for speech and vice versa. In addition to this, The University has limited funds for the project. The important factor here is that the design must be finished to a competitive standard and the venue must be able to operate smoothly if The University is to make the theatre a commercial success. More research needs to be carried out inside the room to determine how, exactly, the issue with the ceiling can be properly resolved. The acoustics of the space will need to be tested before work is carried out, using a small sound system that can establish the extent of change in sound from one side of the room to the other. Bibliography Makrinenko, L., Ed, Bradley, J.S.,1986. Acoustics of Auditoriums in Public Buildings, New York: Acoustical Society of America. Elsea P, 1996. ACOUSTIC TREATMENT FOR HOME STUDIOS, California: University of California Santa Cruz. Ed. Wallace Clement Sabine, 1921. Collected Papers on Acoustics, New York:v Acoustical Society of America Acoustic Absorbers and Diffusers: Theory, Design, and Application  by Trevor J. Cox, Peter D’Antonio, Spon Press (April 1, 2004)

Monday, August 19, 2019

Rawlsian Affirmative Action Essay -- Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Rawlsian Affirmative Action: Compensatory Justice as Seen from the Original Position * ABSTRACT: In A Theory of Justice, John Rawls presents a method of determining how a just society would allocate its "primary goods"-that is, those things any rational person would desire, such as opportunities, liberties, rights, wealth, and the bases of self-respect. (1) Rawls' method of adopting the "original position" is supposed to yield a "fair" way of distributing such goods. A just society would also have the need (unmet in the above work) to determine how the victims of injustice ought to be compensated, since history suggests that social contracts are likely to be violated. This paper is an attempt to determine the remedial measures that would be selected using Rawls' method. I contend that only two of the three most widely used "affirmative action" policies would be selected from the original position. I also sketch another compensatory policy that would pass Rawls' fairness test. I. Affirmative action is public policy designed to compensate the victims of injustice. (2) To be thus disadvantaged, in Rawls' scheme of things, is to have suffered in some way from having had less than one's fair share of the primary goods (62). This measure, according to Rawls, ought to be determined by the two principles that would be selected in the original position (17-22). The "first principle," which is "lexically prior" to the second, dictates that each member of society be granted every shareable personal liberty, a liberty being shareable just in case one's exercising of it would not prevent others from doing so (60-1, 250). The "second principle" states that the other primary goods are to be distributed in an egalitarian fashion unless... ...with compensating the victims of injustice. (3) Having done my best here to defend what follows as a reasonable extension of Rawls' system, I would add that I am not wed to the idea that it be taken as such. If the connection between ideal and nonideal theory is not as I have portrayed it, if the latter is not to be circumscribed by the former, then the ensuing views on affirmative action may simply be understood as those that would follow if one were apply Rawl's method, against his own stricture, to the issue of compensatory justice. (4) In correspondence and in "A Puzzle About Economic Justice In Rawls' Theory," Social Theory and Practice, vol. 4 #1, pp. 1-27. (5) "A Puzzle About ..., " p. 3. (6) Ibid., p. 7. (7) Ibid., pp. 12-13. (8) Thomas Nagel, "The Policy of Preference," in Mortal Questions (London: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1979) pp.91-105.

Sunday, August 18, 2019

Plagiarism Essay -- Cheating School Education Essays

Plagiarism What is plagiarism? Obviously the word must be of some importance as I know it can greatly change ones future. From what I know, plagiarism can happen by careless mistakes, being uneducated of what plagiarism really means or just on purpose to save time for themselves. Some writers may not know the actual detail of how you give another writer full credit of their work. Another could be that some students are lazy, worried or in a rush to finish a paper and think plagiarizing is the best solution at that time for them. Mainly, I think this would happen in high school and colleges. Students in these areas are so busy which could make the idea plagiarizing a way to save them a little time to worry and finish another project up. I know, for me during High School, I was so busy working and keeping up my grades with trying to have a normal life plus all the pressure I had to face with what I am going to do with my life. With this in mind, I could see how students could feel that plagiarizing could be the best option for them. However, if I had plagiarized through my school work I could have easily ruined my goals for my future. From what I know, my definition of plagiarism would be basically stealing someone elses work. As far as I can remember through all my schooling I have been taught that plagiarizing is wrong. In elementary school, around the time of starting the fourth grade, was the first time I knew the basics about plagiarism. High school though is really the time where I learned about the consequences of plagiarism. While doing my first research paper, the teacher made it clear that if anyone in the class plagiarized you would not only fail the assignment, you would fail the class, the principal would be n... ...ing a smart thing by stealing when actually they are only hurting themselves. In my opinion, Jayson Blairs decision of plagiarizing shows how unqualified he was at his career if he had to become successful by taking credit of another persons work. I thought before writing this paper that I actually understood the basics of plagiarism. As I went further and further into research I found out how wrong I was. When I think of plagiarism I basically thought that it only happens at school and it wasnt that much of an important issue. I was proven otherwise. Anything you think of can be plagiarized. For example, lyrics to a song, quotes from a book, symbols from a product, a research paper, articles from a newspaper, etc What also amazed me was the number of students that have actually admitted to plagiarizing. I do hope that they learn With plagiarism comes consequences.

The Manipulative Sirens and Their Victims in Margaret Atwoods Siren So

The Manipulative Sirens and Their Victims in Margaret Atwood's Siren Song In Homer's Odyssey, the Sirens are mythical creatures whose enchanting voices lure sailors to their deaths. These women have fascinated people ever since Homer sung the lines of his epic, inspiring artists of many genres from oil paintings to films. In her poem "Siren Song," Margaret Atwood re-envisions the Sirens to draw a comparison between the myths and modern life. Atwood portrays men as victims of "Sirens" (women) by making her readers the victims. Atwood begins her poem with the speaker mysteriously introducing a secret. Speaking to her audience, the Siren--whose role is played in real life by women and paralleled by poets--attracts attention immediately with her luring phrases and vocabulary: "This is the one song everyone / would like to learn: the song / that is irresistible..." (1-3). Even with the word "siren" screaming, "Warning! Danger!" the loud ringing serves only to catch more notice. Readers respond with interest, wanting to hear this song and wondering why it is "irresistible" (3). Atwood uses colons in this first stanza as her tool for pulling readers into her story. Her colons hint at the revelation of this great secret; readers must read on to discover it. Rather than stopping abruptly, Atwood carries her thought to the second stanza by beginning it with a lower case letter. However the speaker does not continue that thought by telling the secret right away as the reader would expect. Instead Atwood gives the speaker a seductive voice through her description of the enigmatic power of the Siren song. The speaker teases readers with evidence of its strength that "forces men / to leap overboard" (4-5), plunging to their deaths. ... ...t works every time" (27). In "Siren Song," Atwood plays off the mythical idea that Sirens seduce their victims in order to demonstrate the same manipulative tendencies in women and poets-women seduce men; poets seduce their readers. She proves her theory by exercising it and capturing her readers in her own poem. Her carefully crafted language forms a trap for her readers, demonstrating poetry's powerfully seductive nature. Readers become entranced in her story, and, after facing death as the Siren's (Atwood's) victims, her readers agree that this is "the song / that is irresistible..." (2-3) and "it works every time" (27). Works Cited Hamilton, Edith. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. New York: Mentor, 1990. VanSpanckeren, Kathryn and Jan Garden Castro. Margaret Atwood: Vision and Forms. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1988.

Saturday, August 17, 2019

Expiration Date on Marriages

According to a study from the Center of Women's Resources, for every two hours a woman is either slapped, beaten and subjected to other forms of abuse. In a day, twelve women submit to cruel acts caused mostly by their loved ones or people they know, making violence the number one crime against women. Statistics shows that there are too many victims of abuse yet no actions have been done. Margie Tajon, president of the 1-Babae Astig Aasenso (1-ABAA) party-list group, suggests that the proposal for 10-year expiration on Marriage would strengthen marriage and not destroy it. Tajon stated in an interview that this would allow couples to reassess the status of their marriage. In one of her points she states that it would benefit incompatible pairs who would like to be separated legally but have to undergo a tiring and lengthy process to annul their marriage. She stated that â€Å"Marriage annulment cases are clogging up our courts and we have to find a means to address the problem†. According to reports there were 8,000 annulment cases reported in 2008 and there are still more being deliberated in courts. A marriage license is a requirement for either a Civil or Church wedding to be held in the Philippines. The Application Form for a marriage license must be secured at the Local Civil Registrar from the city, town or municipality where the bride or the groom resides. The personal appearance of the couple is required in applying for the marriage license. Both parties involved shall file separately a sworn application for each license with the proper local civil registrar and proper supporting documents shall be submitted. According to Philippine law a ten-day waiting period is prescribed from the filing of the Application to the issuance of the marriage license. The license is valid for 120 days from date of issuance and may be used anywhere in the country. A marriage license is just like any other form applied for in the country. Like a passport or driver’s license which expires, why can’t a marriage expire too? According to Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano: â€Å"It’s a reflection of what is happening in our society,† referring to the growing clamor from women for more rights and social freedoms. Senate Minority Leader Aquilino â€Å"Nene† Pimentel, Jr finds the idea as funny. â€Å"It’s the funniest thing I’ve heard in my life. Does it mean marriage is just a trial? † Pimentel said of the proposal. Pimentel added that the issue of a marriage contract with an expiration date will go against the belief of the Filipino people that marriage is a sacred union done in the eyes of God. We are a predominantly Catholic country and the views of the people from the church are important. The Chairman of the CBCP’s National Appellate Matrimonial Tribunal said that the proposal is â€Å"some kind of desperate approach to right a wrong by something wrong. †. He says that â€Å"It is wrong for couples to separate and here comes a proposal for them to precisely separate,†. According to him there are dire consequences for this proposal. The most serious of which is the emotional trauma on the children whose parents are separated. It will also produce more children and result in a population explosion. He added that a man who gets married at age 20 and decides not to renew his marriage with his wife can go on and on until he marries his sixth wife at age 70. The question here is if we would allow such a thing to happen and I say yes. We may say that the family is the basic unit of the society and that it holds our society together but what about the individual? Families may seem happy on the outside but the inner workings are messed up. They may say that children will undergo emotional trauma if their parents separate. Children also undergo emotional trauma if they see or hear their parents fighting and if these situations worsen it will lead to abuse not only to the mothers but to the children as well. Our society has a problem indeed. We are stuck in the ways of the cavemen and our brain closes itself to the more liberated ideas which really benefit us.

Friday, August 16, 2019

Interpersonal deception theory Essay

The interpersonal deception theory’s presence throughout Martin Scorsese’s film, The Departed, is made abundantly clear through the interactions between the characters. Two of the main characters, Agent Sullivan and William, both lie in order to do their jobs, and to just survive. These characters exhibit the three dominant deception theories – falsification, concealment, and equivocation, as well as utilizing eye contact, either purposely or not. The interpersonal deception theory attempts to explain the manner in which two people who are engaged in face-to-face communication deal with deception. It is possible to detect deception from verbal and nonverbal cues. There are three dominant deception theories – falsification, concealment, and equivocation. Falsification is when one individual, the â€Å"sender†, blatantly lies to another individual, the â€Å"receiver. † Concealment is when the sender omits certain facts; this results in deception. Equivocation is when the sender skirts the issues by changing the subject (Hearn 2006). In Martin Scorsese’s film The Departed, William, the undercover officer working with Frank Costello, and Agent Sullivan, the detective who is helping Frank Costello, both exhibit dominant deception theories. Both lie throughout the entire film; William is a good guy pretending to be bad, while Agent Sullivan is a bad guy pretending to be good. Both are fairly good at lying, however, there are small, somewhat tell-tale signs that they are being deceptive. Agent Sullivan is a detective with the Massachusetts State Police. When he was a boy, a local criminal, Frank Costello, helped him out, and the two had been friends ever since. When Sullivan became a detective on a case where the police were trying to capture Costello, Sullivan did everything he could to help Costello. Because of his two-faced nature, he had to lie to his girlfriend, Madolyn, and the men he worked with, including his boss. Agent Sullivan worked his deception on those around him in two obvious ways – concealment and equivocation. The first example is of equivocation. About half way through the film, Sullivan got a phone call from Costello, and Madolyn answered the phone. When Sullivan got off the phone, Madolyn asked him who had called him. Sullivan told her that it was his boss. She knew he was lying to her, so he skirted the issue by saying that there are things about his job that he could not tell her, things that she did not even want to know. He even tried to make a joke about her questions interfering with an ongoing investigation. He successfully got her mind off of the actual issue at hand, the issue of the mysterious caller. The example of concealment is demonstrated throughout the film in regards to Agent Sullivan. Sullivan spends the entire film trying not to be found out as the man Costello has in the police department. When things start to really unravel, Sullivan is assigned to find the leak in the department, and he actually takes on the task. From here on out, Sullivan works hard to continue to conceal his true identity. William was working for the Massachusetts State Police as an undercover cop. He did not successfully complete the training at the Police Academy, but he wanted to be a cop. No one knew he was working for the police department except for two high-ranking officers. William became a trusted friend of Frank Costello while investigating him. This gave William the edge he needed to capture Costello, but deceiving Costello could have proved to be deadly. William worked his deception on Costello in two ways – falsification and concealment. In a scene where Costello wanted to talk to William about a â€Å"rat† in the operation, William flat-out lied to him, telling Costello that he was not the rat. William knew that Costello suspected him of being the rat, but William kept denying it. Costello began to believe him. William successfully lied his way out of a potentially deadly situation. William also used the trick of concealment to his advantage. He, first and foremost, concealed his identity, not only from Costello and his gang, but also from other officers in the police department. No one in the police department knew that he was working undercover. Because he did not graduate from the Police Academy, William was not a real police officer. Because of this, he went virtually undetected. William’s concealment of his true identity was successful, until Costello wanted his real name, social security number, and bank account numbers. It was then that William knew he had to find a way out. From here on out, things began to fall apart. Both Agent Sullivan’s and William’s deception could have been detected. Most individuals believe that they can tell when a person is lying to them. They can detect deception by listening and watching the sender. Signs such as eye contact/rapid eye movement, body rigidity, and fidgeting can be tell-tale signs of when an individual is trying to deceive another individual. Eye contact is held as the number one indicator of truth or deception. Most believe that if an individual holds strong eye contact, then that person is being truthful. On the other hand, if one’s eyes move rapidly, or one cannot look another in the eye while talking to them, it is an indication of deception. Law enforcement interviewers and interrogators believe that when a person is not being truthful, they will break eye contact and either look to the right or to the left. This belief, however, is not substantiated (Walters 2000). Although proven an unreliable means of detecting deception, this does not stop Scorsese from implementing this strategy when it comes to Agent Sullivan’s behavior. Agent Sullivan’s behavior, if paid attention to, would have alerted anyone to his deception. For example, Sullivan never made complete eye contact while lying. He does make good eye contact when he says that Costello has a man in the police department, because that information is true. However, when he says that he is working on finding out who it is, he looks briefly at the floor. Sullivan breaks eye contact, an indication that he is lying. In actuality, Sullivan himself is the man Costello has in the police department, so Sullivan has no intention of finding out who the rat is. Another example of Agent Sullivan’s odd behavior is at the sting. Sullivan calls Costello to inform him that he is being watched by the police. Later, Sullivan finds out that the FBI is present and is monitoring cellular phone activity. Sullivan begins to sneak nervous glances around the room, looking to see if anyone has detected his involvement with Costello. In the scene where William meets Costello for a discussion on who the â€Å"rat† is, William makes deliberate, strong eye contact. Unlike Agent Sullivan, when William lies to Costello, William looks him straight in the eye and does not waiver. William is nervous about meeting with Costello, but he carries himself as though he is in control of the situation. Although William was nervous, he does not back down from Costello. This forces Costello to back down and to take William’s word that he is not the rat at face value. It is generally believed that when someone breaks eye contact with the person they are talking to, they could be lying. However, when someone makes deliberate eye contact, that could mean that they are trying to conceal the fact that they are indeed lying. Deliberate eye contact also means that the person maintaining strong eye contact is trying to maintain dominance or control over the person he is speaking with. This is done is such a way that the receiver would not even think about questioning the accuracy of the sender’s words (Walters 2000). This is how William wins over Costello. The term â€Å"leakage† is used to refer to any behavior outside of a deceiver’s conscious controls that could signal dishonesty. These signals could include the formerly mentioned body rigidity and fidgeting (Schneider 2007). For example, when Agent Sullivan is at the sting, after he found out that the FBI were monitoring cellular phone activity, he sits very still, only moving his head to glance around the room. His body seems to become very rigid, perched uncomfortably on a table. He also seems to be fidgeting inside his coat pocket. In actuality, however, he is sending a text message to Costello that says, â€Å"no phones. † Sullivan could have â€Å"leaked† his involvement with Costello if someone had been paying attention. The characters of Agent Sullivan and William exhibit falsification, concealment, and equivocation. The use of eye contact, both deliberate and not, make the characters more human. All of the signs of dishonesty that these two characters exhibited made the viewer believe that those characters were real. Both characters’ deceptions could have been seen through, like most people’s deceptions, but they were not detected. They carried their burdens well, working their hardest to not only do their jobs, but to survive.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

Destroying Avalon Essay

(1) The pseudonym ‘AFriend† is ironic because the person by this name is not a friend however a bully which is sending Avalon messages about what the other girls think of her at school. (3) Being overwhelmed by the content of the email is quite normal for Avalon mainly because it was suggesting that she was not liked and that she was being bullied. (5) Avalon’s parents have positive attitudes and strong values towards education as their both teachers. (7) Mitch seem to be nice and friendly towards Avalon, as with Caleb who is the surfer laid back guy that treats Avalon in a friendly way. (9) Avalon’s bag was sabotaged following the netball match as a practical joke and harassment for Avalon it was one of the starting things they have done. Destroying Avalon (SHEET 3 ALL) Marshall believes Avalon can pull through the bullying which he has faced, but believes he may not be able to take much bullying as he was being beaten up. In the Chapter the ‘Liverpool kiss’ the gender stereotypes are challenged as Tamara knocks Brett’s lights out, it shows that she is a strong, brave person, not afraid of any strong guy. Avalon told her parents everything as she had lost control over her emotions and let everything pour out, she thought that it would be the right time to tell them. In chapter ‘the eye of destruction’, I believe Marshall is inside, huddled in  his room afraid of the bullies returning, afraid to leave his room. Marshal’s death is unexpected I was very confused. I thought no such thing would happen as he was very strong for Avalon. The use of repetition brings a sad realization of how horrible this act was, it brings Avalon horror and impact on her emotions, as death is a strong word, we would all act strongly with emotion towards it. Avalon blames herself as she believed the bullies only targeted Marshall as she ignored their attempts of her, thus finding a new prey. We learn from Marshall’s mother, that Marshall was a up and going young kid when in primary, excited for High School and always seemed to be contented. DATE OF ENTRY FORMAT (Consider font, size, style, page format etc.) LANGUAGE AND STYLE (Sentence structure, vocab, repetition etc) EVENTS January 15 Small writing Expresses his emotions and feelings His dad leaves February 25 Small writing About his feelings He got embarrassed in front of the class. March 6 Normal writing Expresses his emotions Getting bullied by Todd and his mates. May 13 Capital letters, bold writing. About his feelings and emotions He hates himself and wants to die. Avalon had been guilty of judging Alice the whole time jumping to the conclusion that weather it was her or not, Avalon ended up feeling regretful later. ^Table above Character Alias (THEY ARE DEVELOPED THROUGH-OUT THE ENTRIES): Alice – a mean, heartless, popular girl who cared for nothing and had no heart Tamara – thinking she was a very odd and scary looking person ( unfriendly) Marshal – Gay Jeremy – a friendly easy-going guy Avalon will move on positively from her torment proving Marshal’s prophecy correct, but she will never forget the friend she lost. Alice turned the popular girls against her, this in turn turned most other people against her, and she did play a major role against Avalon but did not make up lies or rumors. Dragon Girl did not want to lose Avalon as a friend as she had with Alice, she has always lost to the popular girls and thus she turned everyone against her so Avalon would stay in the group and not leave them. It would have been easier to know that Alice was Dragon Girl as Avalon already disliked her, Dragon Girl would have just increased her anger and rage I noticed Avalon was exposed to a wide range of emotions and situations, which differed to what she would’ve faced in the country, but I believe this was hard for her at first but she soon adapted and her personality and  mental strength increase dramatically. She proved to be a very strong and caring person then many believe she could ever be.

Wednesday, August 14, 2019

How Computers Changed the World

The term, â€Å"computer† can relate to many different things. It could be classified into many different groups. I am here to speak to you about the little machine that you have sitting on your desk and often spill coffee on it while you are trying to unplug your air conditioner. The first computer was built in 1941 and revolutionized the way we lived in the 20th century. Konrad Zuse (German) was the creator of the first programmable computer. This computer was dubbed the z1 and was so huge, that it filled two class rooms; or just one of the cafeterias in Bayonne High School. Computers have played a big factor on how we live today. They make everyday tasks such as simple and/or complex math so easy, a caveman can do it. They are also a huge contributor to our transportation, in the manufacturing and also in the engineering of vehicles. Computers are also a big invention that helped the entertainment industry start up. Video games and animated movies are just some of many other species of entertainment that computers help everyday. Due to constant changes to computers, they have gotten smaller and smaller over their years, to the point where you can fit one in your pocket or a manila envelope. Seventy-five percent of Americans use the Internet and spend an average three hours a day online (Stone 25). With the 21st century and the technology world becoming highly advanced every year, schools in America have to teach the basics of computers before they become too advanced for students to even learn how to turn them on. Computers will help students to receive learning material in an efficient way, prepare for the new way of life in which computers will be used in every profession, and accomplish more work using quick research and will allow for increased learning during the students’ education. This quick research can be done with a unique and important invention called the Internet. The computer has an endless supply of information. Students can take tests over the computer, they can complete math problems and, of course, students can complete writing assignments such as this one. The more students use computers, the quicker the job will be completed. Also, if you don’t like social contact with people, or if you are still living with your parents and use the excuse, â€Å"I love them too much to hurt them if I go away to collage†, you can take collage courses right on your Internet browser. That’s right, even people who claim to be allergic to the sun’s UV rays can now get a degree right from their $200 computer chair. When you finish all of your courses, all you have to do is click the link at the bottom of the page and press CTRL>P. Congratulations you now have a degree that you can show your mother and she will hang it on the fridge. Enough of my constant rambaling on a sub-topic and now back to the main topic. Students will be able to do all the research they need without leaving their seat. Students can learn about anything they want using the computer, which will lead to for an advanced education. The more a student researches, the more they will learn about computers. With the way life quickly changing, computers are going to be needed for everything. A computer’s ever-growing knowledge will only be increasing every year as more capabilities begin to be possible. Computers will be used to write information, check background information for police officers, and will be used to even let you to play the world’s best game; Solitaire. If computers are not used daily in school, then the process for the future of the student will not be fully completed and we will have another generation to frown on. The only way to keep students up to date with what is happening in their world, is with the use of a computer; since us teenagers are too lazy to walk outside and read a newspaper. We have YouTube to help us understand what is happening in the world around us now. Many people frown on the fact that today’s youth is using the computer as an easy way out of walking outside and going to the nearest library for information. Most of these people begin their argument with, â€Å"Back in my day,†. I think that people need to open their eyes and embrace change in their life. If they do not catch up with what is going on today, we would have people walking around Bayonne who dress like Steve Urkle; even though you already see this. We as people are so connected to them that, you could basically classify a computer as another organ in the human body. I can never see computers being completely wiped off the face of the earth because, we can never fully quench our thirst for technology. Computers will continue to evolve and so will humanity. Who knows, maybe one day we will be born with a flash drive in our bodies to help us memorize things better.